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Fredrik1
2/4/19, 3:42 PM

Chinese students sometimes are spies on religion

"February 3rd / 2019 It’s a silent war that has been waged for centuries: the theft of technological secrets. But it’s entered a new era, with allegations China’s rapid rise is being built on the back of students being sent across the world to steal intellectual property. That’s the allegation contained in a new report from US intelligence agencies presented to the US Senate. “We assess that China’s intelligence services will exploit the openness of American society, especially academia and the scientific community, using a variety of means,” reads its latest World Wide Threat Assessment. RELATED: China’s crackdown on religion, academia It’s not the first time the warning has been made against China’s quest to leapfrog the West as a technological world leader. But it represents a new sense of urgency after Beijing’s rapid advancement in military technology, surveillance and artificial-intelligence among others. And it’s done this without resorting to traditional espionage techniques, the report says. Former CIA officer Joe Augustyn told CNN that, instead of using trained spies, Beijing has exploited the vulnerabilities of its international student populations to act as “access agents” or “covert influencers”. And the US alone allows some 350,000 new Chinese STUDENT SPIES “In a world where technology is available, where we are training their scientists and engineers, and their scientists and engineers were already good on their own, we are just making them able to not have to toil for the same amount of time to get capabilities that will rival or test us,” a senior official in the office of Director of National Intelligence reportedly told CNN. Augustyn said: “They don’t just come here to spy … they come here to study and a lot of it is legitimate. But there is no question in my mind, depending on where they are and what they are doing, that they have a role to play for their government.” The Chinese student’s often don’t realise they are being used for espionage, the report says. Instead, Beijing’s operatives pretend to be professors and colleagues. Others, however, are coerced by China’s increasingly authoritarian government: Future corporate and government status depend upon compliance with the Communist Party, as does the treatment of family members. But now, the world has woken up to the tactic. DELVE DEEPER: Understanding China’s brave new Orwellian society FBI director Christopher Wray told the Senate: “One of the things that I’ve been most encouraged about in an otherwise bleak landscape is the degree to which as Director Coats was alluding to American companies are waking up, American universities are waking up, our foreign partners are waking up.” Beijing rejects the allegations. “Such statements are completely untrue and made with ulterior motives. People-to-people exchanges form a basis for the promotion of China-US co-operation in all areas, which is in the common interest of both peoples,” China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs told CNN. “We hope to see relevant agencies and people in the US correctly view and actively promote people-to-people exchanges between China and the US and create better conditions for bilateral co-operation and exchanges in all areas instead of doing the opposite.” INTELLECTUAL ESPIONAGE To hear the Americans tell it, the Chinese have gone on a commercial crime spree, pilfering trade secrets from seed corn to electronic brains behind wind turbines. China has stripped the arm off a T-Mobile robot, the US says, and looted trade secrets about robotic cars from Apple. The alleged victims of that crime spree are individual American companies, whose cases lie behind the Trump administration’s core complaint in the high-level US-China trade talks going on in Washington: That Beijing systematically steals American and other foreign intellectual property in a bid to become the world’s technology superstar. Yet the odds of a resolution to the trade dispute this week or any time soon appear dim, in part because China’s drive for technology supremacy is increasingly part of its self-identity. The six-month standoff has shaken financial markets and likely weakened the global economy. RELATED: How China ‘weaponises’ tourism The United States has imposed taxes on $250 billion in Chinese imports; Beijing has lashed back by taxing $110 billion in American products. Determined to attain dominance in cutting-edge fields from robotic sto electric cars, US officials charge, Beijing is not only stealing trade secrets but also pressuring American companies to hand over technology to gain access to the vast Chinese market. US intelligence officials told Congress this week that China poses the biggest commercial and military threat to the United States. A separate report this week said Beijing will steal or copy technologies it can’t make itself. Geng Shuang, a spokesman for the China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman, retorted that it’s “totally unreasonable to make random accusations.” Beijing counters that the United States is just trying to suppress a rising competitor. TARIFF RETALIATION US business groups broadly support the Trump administration’s decision to confront China over its strongarm tech policies. But they mostly object to the administration’s weapon of choice: Steep tariffs, which are taxes on importers and are usually passed on to consumers to pay. Rooting out theft could prove impossible. Beijing typically doesn’t dispatch spies on missions of commercial espionage. Rather, it encourages Chinese who study and work abroad to copy or steal technologyand rewards them when they do. So US companies might have no reason to suspect anything — until a Chinese employee leaves and the employer discovers that trade secrets have been compromised. RELATED: China’s Communist Party’s Australian influence Most US companies are reluctant to voice specific complaints about their encounters in China. Rather, most choose to speak through trade groups to avoid retribution from Chinese regulators. Last year, for example, the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China found that one in five foreign companies says it feels compelled to transfer technology to the Chinese as the price of market access. Individual examples tend to surface only when the complaints wind up in court often in cases brought by US prosecutors. CASE STUDIES Federal prosecutors charged in an indictment unsealed this week that the Chinese tech giant Huawei stole tradesecrets from US cellphone company T-Mobile and offered bonuses to employees who managed to swipe technology from other companies. US authorities said Huawei was obsessed with a T-Mobile robot nicknamed Tappy that could detect problems in cellphones by mimicking how people use them. T-Mobile was letting Huawei engineers into the Tappy lab to test their phones. In 2013, according to the indictment, a Huawei engineer spirited a Tappy robot arm out of the lab in a laptop bag. Questioned by T-Mobile, here turned it the next day. Prosecutors allege that the Chinese company hungered for T-Mobile technology to use on its own phone-testingrobot. Apple would collect less revenue without China, the country where its iPhone is assembled and the market that accounts for the most sales of that device outside the US But a secretive project that could become a future gold mine has been infiltrated by thieves trying to steal driverless cartechnology for a Chinese company, according to criminal charges filed in Silicon Valley. The FBI seized the latest suspect, Apple engineer Jizhong Chen, this month after he bought a plane ticket to China. Chen and the other suspect charged in July, Xiaolang Zhang, were part of an Apple project focused on self-driving cars, according to the sworn affidavits from FBI agents. The two are accused of using their access to labs where only 1200 of Apple’s 140,000 employees were allowed to enter to steal trade secrets. Chen took dozens of photos of confidential work on an iPhone 6 Plus, according to court records. One photo was taken last June just a week after Chen attended Apple’s secrecy training seminar for employees, the court records show. Zhang stored Apple’s trade secrets on various devices before being caught by the company’s security team last spring, the FBI alleged. The alleged theft occurred while Zhang was preparing to defect to Xiopeng Motors, or XMotors, a Chinese start-up specializingin electric cars and self- driving technology. XMotors’ backers include Alibaba Group, China’s largest e-commerce company, and Foxconn, one of Apple’s major contractors in China. Zhang was arrested last year as he prepared to board a flight to China in San Jose, California, the FBI said. In November, the Justice Department charged a government-owned Chinese company, Fujian Jinhua Integrated Circuit Co., and co-conspirators with stealing trade secrets from the US semiconductor company Micron Technology. According to the indictment, the Chinese hoped to break into the market for a technology called dynamic random access memory, or DRAM, that’s used in computer electronics. “China, like any advanced nation, must decide whether it wants to be a trusted partner on the world stage or whether it wants to be known around the world as a dishonest regime running a corrupt economy founded on fraud, theft and strong- arm tactics,” then-Attorney-General Jeff Sessions said at the time. The US has barred Fujian Junhua from importing US components, an action that threatens to put the Chinese company out of business. A year ago, a Chinese company, Sinovel Wind Group, was convicted in a federal court in Wisconsin of stealing technology- the electronic brains that run wind turbines — from its American partner, AMSC, formerly known at American Super conductor Inc. “We believe that over 8000 wind turbines an estimated 20 per cent of China’s fleet are now running on AMSC’s stolen software,” CEO Daniel McGahn told US government investigators. “AMSC has not been compensated for its losses.” The damage from that betrayal was severe: American Superconductor stock lost $1 billion in value, and the company slashed 700 jobs, more than half its global workforce. It was, McGahn said, a case of “attempted corporate homicide.” A Chinese businessman, Mo Hailong, who had been caught rummaging through an Iowa cornfield was sentenced to three years in prison in 2016 for pilfering trade secrets from US seed corn companies. Five years earlier, DuPont Pioneer security guards had caught Mo and other Chinese men digging in a cornfield that contained test plots of new seed corn varieties. The other suspects fled the United States before they could be arrested. Prosecutors said Mo had travelled to the Midwest while working for Kings Nower Seed, a subsidiary of the Chinese conglomerate Beijing Dabeinong Technology Group Co., to acquire corn seed and ship it to China so scientists could try to reproduce its genetic traits." https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1794533690649020&id=358337004268703

 "Be kind whenever possible. It is always possible"   H.H Dalai Lama

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